1、在ECS上使用mysqldump进行逻辑备份,再中转到本地服务器。使用ECS中转是为了避免将RDS暴露到公网上。
数据库备份脚本 数据库备份方法
2、在RDS控制台上的“备份恢复”中找到“数据备份”,七天内的全量备份是带有下载地址的。点击后会产生一个24小时有效的下载地址。下载回去后按照文档说明进行恢复。
@echo off
echo ================================================
echo Windows环境下Oracle数据库的自动备份脚本
echo 1. 使用当前日期命名备份文件。
echo 2. 自动删除7天前的备份。
echo ================================================
::以“YYYYMMDD”格式取出当前时间。
set BACKUPDATE=%date:~0,4%%date:~5,2%%date:~8,2%
::设置用户名、密码和要备份的数据库。
set USER=xxx
set PASSWORD=123456
set DATABASE=dbtest
::创建备份目录。
if not exist "D:\backup\data" mkdir D:\backup\data
if not exist "D:\backup\log" mkdir D:\backup\log
set DATADIR=D:\backup\data
set LOGDIR=D:\backup\log
exp %USER%/%PASSWORD%@%DATABASE% file=%DATADIR%\data_%BACKUPDATE%.dmp log=%LOGDIR%\log_%BACKUPDATE%.log
::删除7天前的备份。
forfiles /p "%DATADIR%" /s /m *.* /d -7 /c "cmd /c del @path"
forfiles /p "%LOGDIR%" /s /m *.* /d -7 /c "cmd /c del @path"
exit
在ORACLE数据库中,RMAN备份的脚本非常多,下面介绍一例shell脚本如何通过RMAN备份,以及FTP上传RMAN备份文件以及归档日志文件的脚本。
fullback.sh 里面调用RMAN命令做数据库备份,它使用的cmdfile为/home/oracle/backup/bin/fullback.rcv,同时在/home/oracle/backup/logs目录下生成日志文件。
1: [oracle@DB-Server bin]$ more fullback.sh
2:
3: #!/bin/bash
4:
5: export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
6:
7: export ORACLE_SID=gps
8:
9: ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2.0/db_1; export ORACLE_HOME
10:
11: TMP=/tmp; export TMP
12:
13: TMPDIR=$TMP; export TMPDIR
14:
15: PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH; export PATH
16:
17: PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH; export PATH
18:
19: LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib; export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
20:
21: CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib;
22:
23: export CLASSPATH
24:
25: TODAY=`date +%Y_%m_%d`
26:
27: rman nocatalog target / cmdfile /home/oracle/backup/bin/fullback.rcv log /home/oracle/backup/logs/fullbackup_$TODAY.log
28:
29: /home/oracle/backup/bin/ftpbackup.sh
30:
fullback.rcv文件非常简单, 如下所示:
1: [oracle@DB-Server bin]$ more /home/oracle/backup/bin/fullback.rcv
2:
3: run{
4:
5: allocate channel c4 type disk;
6:
7: backup as compressed backupset
8:
9: skip inaccessible
10:
11: tag fullbackupwitharchivelog
12:
13: (database);
14:
15: backup current controlfile;
16:
17: backup spfile;
18:
19: sql "alter system archive log current";
20:
21: delete noprompt obsolete;
22:
23: release channel c4;
24:
25: }
26:
RMAN生成的备份文件,需要通过FTP上传到FTP服务器,一则数据库服务器没有这么多空间存储多天的备份,二则是出于容灾、数据安全需要。
下面脚本中FTP服务器,用户名密码均使用xxx替代,在实际环境中,使用具体的信息替代即可。
1: [oracle@DB-Server bin]$ more ftpbackup.sh
2:
3: #!/bin/sh、
4:
5: rm -f date_yesterday=`date -d'yesterday' +%Y_%m_%d`
8:
9: date_today=`date +%Y_%m_%d`
10:
11: echo "default login xxxx password xxxxxx" >> echo "macdef init" >> echo "binary" >> echo "cd archivelog" >> echo "mkdir $date_yesterday" >> echo "cd $date_yesterday" >> echo "lcd /u04/flash_recovery_area/gps/archivelog/$date_yesterday" >> echo "mput *" >> echo "cd .." >> echo "mkdir $date_today" echo "cd $date_today" echo "lcd /u04/flash_recovery_area/gps/archivelog/$date_today" echo "mput * " echo "cd .." echo "cd ../backupset" >> echo "mkdir $date_today" >> echo "cd $date_today" >> echo "lcd /u04/flash_recovery_area/gps/backupset/$date_today" >> echo "mput *" >> echo "cd .." >> echo "cd ../autobackup" >> echo "mkdir $date_today" >> echo "cd $date_today" >> echo "lcd /u04/flash_recovery_area/gps/autobackup/$date_today" >> echo "mput *" >> echo "quit" >> echo "" >> chmod 600 ftp -i -v xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx 8021 >>/home/oracle/backup/logs/ftp$date_today.log 2>&1
68:
另外,关于归档日志也需要每隔2小时上传一次到FTP服务器,2小时上传一次归档日志的shell脚本如下所示:
1: [oracle@DB-Server bin]$ more ftp2hours.sh
2:
3: #!/bin/sh
4:
5: rm -f date_yesterday=`date -d'yesterday' +%Y_%m_%d`
8:
9: date_today=`date +%Y_%m_%d`
10:
11: echo "default login xxxx password xxxx" >> echo "macdef init" >> echo "binary" >> echo "cd archivelog" >> echo "mkdir $date_today" echo "cd $date_today" echo "lcd /u04/flash_recovery_area/gps/archivelog/$date_today" echo "mput * " echo "quit" >> echo "" >> chmod 600 ftp -i -v xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx 8021 >>/home/oracle/backup/logs/ftp2hours.$date_today.log 2>&1
34:
最后需要将RMAN备份生成的日志文件,以及FTP上传备份文件以及归档日志的记录通过邮件形式发送给DBA或系统管理员,
1: [oracle@DB-Server bin]$ more chkbackandmail.sh
2: #!/bin/bash
3: rm -f /home/oracle/backup/bin/sendmail.pl
4: date_today=`date +%Y_%m_%d`
5: subject="Oracle Backup Alert Service on $date_today"
6: content="Dear colleagues,
7:
8: Attached please find the logs of xxx(xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx) oracle database backup and transfer to FTP Server(xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx), please
9: review the file and check whether the backup succeeded or not,and double check all backups have been dumped to tape, many tha
10: nks
11:
12:
13:
14:
15: Best regards
16: Oracle Alert Services
17:
18: "
19: file="/home/oracle/backup/logs/fullbackup_$date_today.log,/home/oracle/backup/logs/ftp$date_today.log"
20: echo "#!/usr/bin/perl" >> /home/oracle/backup/bin/sendmail.pl
21: echo "use Mail::Sender;" >> /home/oracle/backup/bin/sendmail.pl
22: echo "\$sender = new Mail::Sender {smtp => 'xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx', from => }; ">> /home/oracle/backup/bin/sendmai
23: l.pl
24: echo "\$sender->MailFile({to => ">> /home/oracle/backup/bin/sendmail.pl
25: echo "" >> /home/oracle/backup/b
26: in/sendmail.pl
27: echo "subject => '$subject',">> /home/oracle/backup/bin/sendmail.pl
28: echo "msg => '$content',">> /home/oracle/backup/bin/sendmail.pl
29: echo "file => '$file'});">> /home/oracle/backup/bin/sendmail.pl
30: perl /home/oracle/backup/bin/sendmail.pl
最后在Crontab 作业里面配置调用这些shell脚本。例如如下所示,在1:01分执行fullback.sh ,每隔两个小时(例如0:50、2:50...)执行一次ftp2hours.sh, 在每天早上8:40执行chkbackandmail.sh 发送fullback.sh 以及ftp2hour.sh的执行日志记录。
对于比较重要的数据 建议用RMAN物理备份+打开归档, 你上面写的是逻辑备份,逻辑备份虽然也是有效备份,但一般会丢失备份到当前的热数据。
AskMaclean Oracle
Oracle数据库RMAN的自动备份脚本简介
Oracle数据库RMAN的自动备份脚本简介
各位同学知道Oracle数据库RMAN如何自动备份脚本嘛?下面我为大家整理了关于Oracle数据库RMAN的自动备份脚本文章,希望能为你提供帮助:
1、数据库设置为归档方式
2、数据库的备份脚本
db_full_backup.sh :数据库全备脚本
db_l0_backup.sh :数据库0级备份脚本
db_l1_backup.sh :数据库1级备份脚本
ftp.sh :数据FTP上传脚本
ftp_del.sh :数据FTP清理脚本
rman_bak.sh :数据备份主程序
3、备份原理
每周1、3、6进行0级备份
每周日、2、4、5进行1级备份
备份文件上传到FTP服务器
FTP服务器每周清理一次,但是清理后将周六和周日的备份进行保留(6.bak和0.bak)
所有工作防暑crontab中自动执行备份
4、备份目录含义
arc :数据库归档目录
rmanbak :数据库备份文件的保存目录
rmanscripts :数据库脚本存放路径
5、FTP目录
ftp上必须手动建立目录
L0:
---1
---3
---6
---6.bak
L1:
---2
---4
---5
---0
---0.bak
rman_bak.sh脚本主程序
#!/bin/bash
#--------------------------------------------
# Oracle auto backup using rman
## author:songrh
# week:1,3,6 Level 0 backup
# 2,4,5,0 Level 1 backup
# Copyright by ChenLong Tec
#--------------------------------------------
##
export ORACLE_BASE=/u02/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=/u02/oracle/product/9.2.4
export ORACLE_SID=PROD
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib
export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/network/jlib
export NLS_LANG=american_america.ZHS16GBK
export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
export ORA_NL33=$ORACLE_HOME/ocommon/nls/admin/data
export PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
export PATH=$PATH:/opt/local/bin
#SH_PATH=/u02/rmanscripts
ARC_PATH=/u02/arch
RMAN_BAK_PATH=/u02/rmanbak
##FULL_PATH=$RMAN_BAK_PATH/full
L0_PATH=$RMAN_BAK_PATH/L0
L1_PATH=$RMAN_BAK_PATH/L1
##DAY_TAG=`date "%Y-%m-%d"`
LOG_TAG=`date "%Y-%m-%d"`
#FIRST_DAY=`date %e`
WEEK=`date %w`
#WEEK=1
## FTP configure
IP="122.120.150.155"
FTPUSER="ftpbak"
FTPPASS="******"
FTPROOT0="L0"
FTPROOT1="L1"
#DISK_USE=`df -k |sed -n '/u02/'p | awk '{print $5}' |sed 's/%//'`
####check path function
############
if [[ $DISK_USE -ge 90 ]]; then
rm -rf $L0_PATH/*
rm -rf $L1_PATH/*
fi
if [ "$WEEK" = "6" -o "$WEEK" = "3" -o "$WEEK" = "1" ]; then
if [ ! -d $L0_PATH ]; then
mkdir $L0_PATH
fi
if [ "$WEEK" = "1" ]; then
rm -rf $L0_PATH/*
rm -rf $L1_PATH/*
mkdir $L0_PATH/$WEEK
$SH_PATH/db_l0_backup.sh $L0_PATH/$WEEK
cd $L0_PATH/$WEEK
$SH_PATH/ftp_del.sh $IP $FTPUSER $FTPPASS $FTPROOT0 $WEEK $WEEK_$LOG_TAG.log
else
if [ ! -d $L0_PATH/$WEEK ]; then
mkdir $L0_PATH/$WEEK
$SH_PATH/db_l0_backup.sh $L0_PATH/$WEEK
cd $L0_PATH/$WEEK
$SH_PATH/ftp.sh $IP $FTPUSER $FTPPASS $FTPROOT0 $WEEK $WEEK_$LOG_TAG.log
else ;